Zipalign ADT Eclipse

If Android emulator freezes at startup, try create new virtual device with smaller memory and cpu usage, or select older version of Android, or buy new pc with higher performance.

1. open AVD MANAGER


2. press Create Virtual Device


3. select Device with small memory usage (e.g. 480x800 of resolution) - Next


4. check - Show downloadable ....


5. Download - lower version of system Android, select, press - Next


6. check data, Show Advanced Settings, check Use host... and press Finish

drawRect(), Paint, setStroke(), setStyle(), Canvas example source code.

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(new SampleView(this));
	}

	private static class SampleView extends View {

		// CONSTRUCTOR
		public SampleView(Context context) {
			super(context);
			setFocusable(true);

		}

		@Override
		protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {

			canvas.drawColor(Color.CYAN);
			Paint p = new Paint();
			// smooths
			p.setAntiAlias(true);
			p.setColor(Color.RED);
			p.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE); 
			p.setStrokeWidth(4.5f);
			// opacity
			//p.setAlpha(0x80); //
//drawRect (float left, float top, float right, float bottom, Paint paint) 
			canvas.drawRect(10, 10, 30, 30, p);
		}

	}
}

      Spinner  _spin1 = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.spinLangFirst);
      ArrayAdapter<String> adapterJazyky = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
              R.layout.spinner_text_layout.xml, {"one","two","etc...."});
      adapterJazyky.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);
      _spin1.setAdapter(adapterJazyky);

spinner_text_layout.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TextView xmlns:android="//schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
          android:id="@+id/spinnerText"
          android:layout_width="fill_parent"
          android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         
         android:textSize="20sp"
/>

Integer, Float, String, List passed as reference in JAVA example source code:

// List passed as reference JAVA
List<Integer>list = new ArrayList<Integer>();

public void fc (List<Integer>listRef){
listRef.add(7);
listRef.add(5);
}
fc(list); // 7, 5 


// String passed as reference JAVA
	public void mutate(AtomicReference<Object> ref) { ref.set("Goodbye"); }

		AtomicReference<Object> ref = new AtomicReference<Object>("Hello");
		mutate(ref);
		System.out.println(ref.get()); //Goodbye!
             String s = (String) ref.get();


// Integer passed as reference JAVA
	private static void mutate(AtomicReference<Object> ref) { ref.set(7); }

	//public static void main(String[] arg) {
		AtomicReference<Object> ref = new AtomicReference<Object>(5);
		mutate(ref);
		System.out.println(ref.get()); // 7
int n = (Integer) ref.get();


// Float passed as reference JAVA
	private static void mutate(AtomicReference<Object> ref) { ref.set(14.8f); }

	//public static void main(String[] arg) {
		AtomicReference<Object> ref = new AtomicReference<Object>(12.1f);
		mutate(ref);
		float f = (Float) ref.get();
		System.out.println(f); //14.8

Difference between "@+id/” and "@id/” in Android
android:id="@+id/xxx" unique identifier of view
@id/ a reference to the unique identifier

 <TextView
        android:id="@+id/first_element_id"
        .........
 />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/second_element_id"
        android:layout_below="@id/first_element_id"
        ..........
 />